Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the male reproductive department. The onset increases with age. Its incidence has obvious regional differences, and it is higher in Europe and the United States.It is reported that lung cancer is the second place in male death in men.In my country, the incidence rate was low, but due to the aging population, the incidence rate has increased in recent years. At the same time, due to the continuous improvement of the diagnostic method of prostate cancer, such as radioactive measurement of acidic phosphatase, the lactic acid dehydrogenase of prostate fluid dehydrogenase According to the measurement, the elevation of the rectal ultrasound, CT examination, and improvement of prostate puncture needle, etc., enabled prostate cancer to diagnose early, and increase the incidence of prostate cancer.The pathological detection rate of prostate cancer is very different in clinical incidence.
Prostate cancer accounts for about 4%of urogenital tumors.It is one of the more common cancers among male elderly.Estacorcinoma occurs almost on the outer part of the prostate, and it grows slowly. Therefore, the tumor has no clinical manifestations for a long time.The benign prostate mosque is similar to cancer.Prostate cancer is likely to be related to age, high -fat, vollarous removal, genetic factors, smoking, contact with heavy metals, inappropriate sexual life and related.
Prostate cancer is spread all over the world.The incidence is different.The incidence of the United States is the highest in the world, secondary in Europe (the incidence of different parts of Europe is also different), and East Asia and South Asia the lowest.From the perspective of humans, the incidence of prostate cancer in black people is the highest, and white people are the lowest incidence of prostate cancer.The yellow race living in the local area is lower than those who move in North America.
1. The cause of prostate cancer
1. Age: Most prostate cancer occurs after 50 years old, and about two -thirds of patients are over 65 years old.
2. Family History: For those of family members, prostate cancer is recommended to start prostate cancer screening at the age of 45.
3. Human race: The incidence of black people is nearly twice as high as whites, and the incidence of Asian people is lower, but in recent years, it has also shown an upward trend.
4. Diet: High -fat diet, especially in large amounts of animal fats, increase the risk of prostate cancer.Eating more vegetables and fruits can reduce risk.
5. In addition, the relationship between prostatitis and prostate cancer is still unclear, and sexual transmission diseases may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
2. High -risk people of prostate cancer
1. Sexual indulgence.A British survey found that men's sexual life was chaotic when young, and the chance of suffering from prostate cancer in the future may be higher.
2. Bald man.The probability of bald men suffering from prostate cancer is twice that of not bald men.Studies have found that it may be caused by the level of testicular hormones in adolescence. The risk of male suffering from prostate cancer may be related to the level of testosterone in the body. This hidden danger has appeared as early as adolescence.
3. Men who are too high.A study reported that after research on human anatomy of 28 patients with prostate cancer, it was found that the height of these patients sitting on a chair was higher than those of the same height.
4, lustful people.Experts believe that except for the occurrence of prostate cancer in diet and living habits, excessive sexual stimulation of visual and psychological stimulation, which makes the secretion of male hormones vigorously and is a cause of prostate cancer.
5, obese man.A new study found that the risk of obese men with prostate cancer is doubled compared with normal weight.Researchers say that any effort to lose weight may reduce the risk of prostate cancer, and the incidence of prostate cancer in male prostate in developed countries is rising steadily.
6. Men on night shifts.The irregular class causes the disorders of the human biological clock, and the amount of melatonin secretion with the proliferation effect of prostate cancer cells is reduced. This may explain why men who are irregular to work hours are more susceptible to prostate cancer.
Third, prostate cancer symptoms
The occurrence of prostate cancer symptoms and its severity depends on the speed of cancer growth and the degree of compression of the urethra.Because the prostate is embracing the urethra, the cancer is increasing to a certain extent, and the urethra is compressed to a certain extent, showing the symptoms of abnormal urination. Only a few people have frequent urination and increased yinur.When the lumps further increase the compression of the urethra, the urinary flow will become thinner, the urine is not smooth, and the urine is prolonged.A small number of patients may have urination pain.Some also cause hematuria, which should be vigilant at this time.When cancer gradually increases, the urethra is more severe, which makes it difficult to urinate, causing urine to stay inside the bladder.In addition, prostate cancer is metastasized, especially when skeletal metastasis, lumbar and back pain may occur. Pain can often radiate to the perineal and the anus, and even paraplegia.
1. The unknown swelling discomfort occurs in the lower abdomen or perineal anal part, and the sitting is restless.
2. Heat, loss of appetite, weakness, weight loss, and other symptoms of unknown causes occur.
4. Those with a history of hypertrophy of the prostate hyperplasia, recently they clearly feel that urination is laborious and poor.
5. Increased intermittent night urine and symptoms of yinur increase.
6. Ejection pain in sexual life or symptoms of hematopoietic semen.
Fourth, prostate cancer treatment method
1. Surgical treatment: 1) Genostal treatment of prostate cancer, the range includes the envelope of the prostate and prostate; 2) pelvic lymph node removal; 3) resection through the prostate of the urethra, which is mainly used to relieve the bladder neck obstruction.
2. Endocrine and adrenal treatment: At present, endocrine method is the main treatment method for prostate cancer, especially late prostate cancer.1) estrogen drugs; 2) anti-androgen drugs, including steroids and non-steroids; 3) gonad-promoting hormone analogs (GNRH-A); 4) anti-adrenal drugs.
3. Surgery of reducing the internal secretion ofrogenosterosterone to treat prostate cancer: 1) Testosteropathy, often combined with other treatment methods to obtain better treatment effects; 2) adrenal resection and pituitary resection.Poor, the patient's damage is greater, and it is no longer adopted.
4. Chemical therapy: The chemotherapy of prostate cancer was used in the clinic in 1973. Many scholars believe that the combined application of the two drugs is better than using one drug alone.
5. Radiation therapy: It has a history of more than 60 years of use of radiation therapy for radiation therapy, mainly in the following methods: 1) in vitro radiotherapy; 2) tissue internal radiotherapy, this method is often combined with the root treatment of prostate cancer or pelvic lymph nodes;3) Radiotherapy of the whole body: To a certain extent, it can relieve local pain in bone metastasis and reduce the development of lesions.
6. Prevalent cancer treatment: This method is suitable for patients with large prostate tumors and poor systemic conditions, which can promote patients' immune capacity and degenerate the metastatic lesions such as bone and lungs.Because special equipment is required, it has not been widely used.
7. Immunotherapy: When the patient's prostate cancer tissue is reduced to polar micro volume with other treatments, the application of immunotherapy to remove the remaining small cancer tissue in the body may achieve better results.
5. Prostate cancer prevention
1. In old age, men are prostate cancers. They should usually pay attention to strengthening physical exercise to improve some blood circulation and enhance the body's immunity of disease resistance and anti -cancer.
2. Avoid the infection of the urinary system and reduce the onset of benign diseases such as prostate hyperplasia. It is a useful way to avoid prostate cancer. Drink more water to urinate.Urelatia are often discharged through urine to help the discharge of prostate cancer to avoid infection.
3. Tobacco and alcohol are important risk elements of prostate cancer. Avoid the tobacco and alcohol to avoid prostate cancer, pay attention to a reasonable diet, eat less spicy and irritating food, reduce the intake of unsaturated fatty acids, and feces can exacerbate the prostate.The expression of falling swelling should usually eat more fruits and fruits, eat coarse grains, insist on the stool smooth, and reduce the onset of constipation.
4. Pay attention to moderate living, controlling lust, and seasons of intercourse to avoid the prostate hyperplasia and fat.
5. Pay attention to personal cleaning, often clean your own external genitalia. Lover should also pay attention to the cleaning of the pussy to avoid bacteria hiding in the vulva into the male urethra, invade the prostate, and cause the seizures of prostate cancer.
6. Men in the middle of the year should usually use less or unnecessary drugs and health products with male hormones.
7. Regularly viewing is the key to discovered prostate cancer in the early stage. Men over 50 years of age should do rectal pointers for anti -cancer census from time to time.
6. Daily health care of prostate cancer
1. Check whether the foreskin is too long. Elderly should do foreskin cycle surgery as soon as possible to prevent bacteria from hiding and enter the prostate through urethral retrograde.
2. Clear chronic infection lesions in other parts of the body in time to prevent bacteria from entering the prostate from the blood.
3. Establish the correct concept of sex and avoid frequent sexual life.Can release energy with exercise and other methods to prevent the prostate from being congested due to frequent sexual life.
4. Develop the habit of urination in a timely manner, because urine can cause urine to flow into the prostate.
5. Sitting and riding a bicycle in the short period of time to avoid poor prostate blood flow.
6. Strengthen personality cultivation, talk more, make friends, open -minded, optimistic.
7. Develop good living habits, do not smoke or drink less.
(Editor in charge: Lin Xiaoping)
